如何教 Turtle Graphics

如何教 Turtle Graphics

https://docs.python.org/3.3/library/turtle.html

1. 開門見山

from turtle import *
color('red', 'yellow')
begin_fill()
while True:
    forward(200)
    left(170)
    if abs(pos()) < 1:
        break
end_fill()
done()

...
...
...

2. 空中鳥瞰

24.1.2. Overview of available Turtle and Screen methods

24.1.2.1. Turtle methods

Turtle motion

Move and draw

forward() | fd()

backward() | bk() | back()

right() | rt()

left() | lt()

goto() | setpos() | setposition()

setx()

sety()

setheading() | seth()

home()

circle()

dot()

stamp()

clearstamp()

clearstamps()

undo()

speed()

Tell Turtle’s state

position() | pos()

towards()

xcor()

ycor()

heading()

distance()

Setting and measurement

degrees()

radians()

Pen control

Drawing state

pendown() | pd() | down()

penup() | pu() | up()

pensize() | width()

pen()

isdown()

Color control

color()

pencolor()

fillcolor()

Filling

filling()

begin_fill()

end_fill()

More drawing control

reset()

clear()

write()

Turtle state

Visibility

showturtle() | st()

hideturtle() | ht()

isvisible()

Appearance

shape()

resizemode()

shapesize() | turtlesize()

shearfactor()

settiltangle()

tiltangle()

tilt()

shapetransform()

get_shapepoly()

Using events

onclick()

onrelease()

ondrag()

Special Turtle methods

begin_poly()

end_poly()

get_poly()

clone()

getturtle() | getpen()

getscreen()

setundobuffer()

undobufferentries()

24.1.2.2. Methods of TurtleScreen/Screen

Window control

bgcolor()

bgpic()

clear() | clearscreen()

reset() | resetscreen()

screensize()

setworldcoordinates()

Animation control

delay()

tracer()

update()

Using screen events

listen()

onkey() | onkeyrelease()

onkeypress()

onclick() | onscreenclick()

ontimer()

mainloop() | done()

Settings and special methods

mode()

colormode()

getcanvas()

getshapes()

register_shape() | addshape()

turtles()

window_height()

window_width()

Input methods

textinput()

numinput()

Methods specific to Screen

bye()

exitonclick()

setup()

title()

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